A mixed-precision RISC-V processor for extreme-edge DNN inference

Low bit-width Quantized Neural Networks (QNNs) enable deployment of complex machine learning models on constrained devices such as microcontrollers (MCUs) by reducing their memory footprint. Fine-grained asymmetric quantization (i.e., different bit-widths assigned to weights and activations on a tensor-by-tensor basis) is a particularly interesting scheme to maximize accuracy under a tight memory constraint. However, the lack of sub-byte instruction set architecture (ISA) support in SoA microprocessors makes it hard to fully exploit this extreme quantization paradigm in embedded MCUs. Support for sub-byte and asymmetric QNNs would require many precision formats and an exorbitant amount of opcode space. In this work, we attack this problem with status-based SIMD instructions: rather than encoding precision explicitly, each operand's precision is set dynamically in a core status register. We propose a novel RISC-V ISA core MPIC (Mixed Precision Inference Core) based on the open-source RI5CY core. Our approach enables full support for mixed-precision QNN inference with 292 different combinations of operands at 16-, 8-, 4-and 2-bit precision, without adding any extra opcode or increasing the complexity of the decode stage. Our results show that MPIC improves both performance and energy efficiency by a factor of 1.1-4.9x when compared to software-based mixed-precision on RI5CY; with respect to commercially available Cortex-M4 and M7 microcontrollers, it delivers 3.6-11.7x better performance and 41-155x higher efficiency

Transport properties of nitrogen doped p‐gallium selenide single crystals

Nitrogen doped gallium selenide single crystals are studied through Hall effect and photoluminescence measurements in the temperature ranges from 150 to 700 K and from 30 to 45 K, respectively. The doping effect of nitrogen is established and room temperature resistivities as low as 20 Ω cm are measured. The temperature dependence of the hole concentration can be explained through a single acceptor‐single donor model, the acceptor ionization energy being 210 meV, with a very low compensation rate. The high quality of nitrogen doped GaSe single crystals is confirmed by photoluminescence spectra exhibiting only exciton related peaks. Two phonon scattering mechanisms must be considered in order to give quantitative account of the temperature dependence of the hole mobility: scattering by 16.7 meV A′1 homopolar optical phonons with a hole‐phonon coupling constant g2=0.115 and scattering by 31.5 meV LO polar phonon with a hole Fröhlich constant αh⊥[email protected]

Anemos : development of a next generation wind power forecasting system for the large-scale integration of onshore & offshore wind farms

International audienceThis paper presents the objectives and the research work carried out in the frame of the ANEMOS project on short-term wind power forecasting. The aim of the project is to develop accurate models that substantially outperform current state-of-the-art methods, for onshore and offshore wind power forecasting, exploiting both statistical and physical modeling approaches. The project focus on prediction horizons up to 48 hours ahead and investigates predictability of wind for higher horizons up to 7 days ahead useful i.e. for maintenance scheduling. Emphasis is given on the integration of highresolution meteorological forecasts. For the offshore case, marine meteorology is considered as well as information by satellite-radar images. An integrated software platform, ‘ANEMOS', is developed to host the various models. This system will be installed by several utilities for on-line operation at onshore and offshore wind farms for prediction at a local, regional and national scale. The applications include different terrain types and wind climates, on- and offshore cases, and interconnected or island grids. The on-line operation by the utilities will allow validation of the models and an analysis of the value of wind prediction for a competitive integration of wind energy in the developing liberalized electricity markets in the EU

Percolation and cluster distribution. III. Algorithms for the site-bond problem

Algorithms for estimating the percolation probabilities and cluster size distribution are given in the framework of a Monte Carlo simulation for disordered lattices for the generalized site-bond problem. The site-bond approach is useful when a percolation process cannot be exclusively described in the context of pure site or pure bond percolation. An extended multiple labeling technique (ECMLT) is introduced for the generalized problem. The ECMLT is applied to the site-bond percolation problem for square and triangular lattices. Numerical data are given for lattices containing up to 16 million sites. An application to polymer gelation is suggested.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/45140/1/10955_2005_Article_BF01011170.pd

Guest Editorial: IEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics in Computing Special Issue on Advanced Command, Control and On-Board Data Processing for Space Avionic Systems

The papers in this special issue focus on advanced command, control and on-board data processing for space avionic systems. The domain of space avionic systems is changing extremely rapidly, compared to other technical domains in the spacefaring industry, under the pressure of intense competition, the continuous emergence of new markets and players, the need for cost reduction, as well as an increased obsolescence rate of components and processes due to the relative reduction of hi-rel parts market share with respect to booming volumes of consumer electronics. The emergence of "new space" paradigm, with new (mostly private) players taking the risk of compromising with system's dependability in favour of stripped down cost further contributes to this rapidly changing landscape: new opportunities are opening for the space avionic systems

Renormalization by substitution on 2-D Potts models

A new renormalization method in position space (renormalization by substitution) that can be applied to some two-dimensional lattices is described in the framework of Potts model on Kagomé and on triangular lattices. Unfortunately the transformation thus defined is not injective and one must find a criterion to eliminate this difficulty : this problem is solved with the aid of the Julia set associated with the transformation. Critical temperatures are obtained, which are in better agreement with the exact results than those obtained with the Migdal-Kadanoff approximation ; critical exponents are also improved, but in a less spectacular manner.Nous décrivons une nouvelle méthode de renormalisation dans l'espace des positions (renormalisation par substitution) qui peut convenir à certains réseaux bidimensionnels : nous l'appliquons ici au modèle de Potts sur les réseaux Kagomé et triangulaire. La transformation mathématique correspondante n'étant pas univoque, nous avons utilisé la construction de son ensemble de Julia pour trouver un critère permettant d'éliminer cette difficulté. Nous obtenons des températures critiques présentant un bien meilleur accord avec les résultats exacts que celui obtenu par l' approximation Migdal-Kadanoff ; les exposants critiques sont aussi améliorés, mais de façon moins spectaculaire

The process of recovery of sense of self in the face of persecutory delusions and hostility

People with psychosis who hold a persecutory delusion (PD) may think that others are focusing their attention on them, with malevolent intentions and plots. Such beliefs may result in significant suffering and social life disruption. The most well-known intervention for PDs is cognitive behavioural therapy, in which the main goals are to reduce stigma, help clients question their delusional attributions and reduce sustaining factors such as repetitive thinking. The merits of these approaches notwithstanding, in many cases clients may end treatment with significant residual symptoms. This has stimulated clinical research towards the development of treatments focused on different variables: a) helping clients understand how delusional perceptions are connected to their sense of self, and b) promoting a richer sense of personal identity as embedded in their unique self-narratives. Metacognitive Interpersonal Therapy (MIT) adapted for psychosis is one such therapy. In the last few years MIT has been subject to initial empirical validation with promising results. In this chapter, we describe the stages of treatment for a young man, at the onset of persecutory type of delusional disorder treated with MIT. According to MIT, PDs may be correlated with: 1) an experience of the self as ontologically vulnerable, a sense of being weak and inferior to others; 2) impaired metacognition, namely the ability-characterised by variable levels of complexity, to understand one's and others' mind(s). We will show how MIT helped the client to improve their metacognitive abilities and access healthy parts of themself, in order to consider the persecutory ideas as an expression of his feeling of vulnerability, and to adopt a critical distance from that self-perception and from the perception of others' intentions as malevolent

La relazione terapeutica nella terapia metacognitiva interpersonale

La ricerca empirica mostra un’associazione stretta tra buon funzionamento della relazione terapeutica e buon esito del trattamento. L’attenzione alla relazione terapeutica è uno dei fulcri della terapia metacognitiva interpersonale (TMI). In questo articolo, dopo aver sintetizzato gli aspetti fondamentali del modello, descriveremo come in TMI il lavoro sulla relazione si intrecci con l’utilizzo di tecniche esperienziali quali immaginazione guidata e role playing, finalizzate a promuovere nel paziente la comprensione del suo mondo interno e il cambiamento clinico. Forniremo una serie di esemplificazioni cliniche al fine di descrivere come la relazione sia nel contempo: 1) strumento per favorire l’accesso ai contenuti psicologici rilevanti; 2) strumento per favorire un’esperienza emozionale correttiva; per esempio, in molti casi l’utilizzo di una tecnica esperienziale mette il paziente in condizione di contattare parti di sé libere dalla patologia, e di sperimentare la relazione terapeutica come fonte di speranza e sostegno all’autonomia; 3) oggetto di intervento in caso di rotture della relazione, anche nei casi in cui tali rotture sono la conseguenza dell’utilizzo di tecniche esperienziali.Nel complesso, mostreremo come il processo terapeutico in TMI sia mosso dalla capacità del terapeuta di muoversi agilmente tra l’utilizzo di tecniche volte a esplorazione e cambiamento, e focus sulla relazione